Introduction to the Udaipur Lake System
Udaipur, known worldwide as the City of Lakes, owes much of its charm, culture, and sustainability to its unique interconnected lake system. Built and maintained over centuries by rulers of Mewar, the Udaipur lake system is not only an engineering marvel but also a lifeline for the city.
This system consists of:
- Upper lakes – Lake Badi, Chhota Madar, Bada Madar
- City lakes – Lake Pichola, Fateh Sagar Lake, Swaroop Sagar Lake, Rang Sagar, Kumharia Talab, Goverdhan Sagar
- Downstream lake – Udaisagar Lake
- Ahar River – which connects many of these lakes
In this long-form guide, we’ll explore the history, importance, and beauty of the Udaipur lake system and why it remains one of India’s most important examples of sustainable water management.
The Upper Lakes of Udaipur
Lake Badi – The Largest Upper Lake
Lake Badi is an artificial freshwater lake built in the 17th century by Maharana Raj Singh I to counter famine. Spread across 155 hectares, it is one of the most important upper lakes of Udaipur that feeds into the city’s water system.
- Famous for Badi Hill (Bahubali Hill), offering panoramic views.
- A peaceful spot away from the crowded city center.
- Still used for drinking water and irrigation.
Chhota Madar Lake – The Smaller Reservoir
Chhota Madar is a small artificial lake near Udaipur. Though lesser known, it plays a crucial role in the catchment system by storing rainwater that eventually flows into other lakes.
Bada Madar Lake – The Big Brother
Located next to Chhota Madar, Bada Madar Lake acts as a major feeder reservoir. During monsoon, its overflow connects to other lakes, ensuring water supply for Udaipur year-round.
Together, Lake Badi, Chhota Madar, and Bada Madar form the upper catchment lakes of Udaipur, storing rainwater and feeding the city lakes.
The City Lakes of Udaipur
Lake Pichola – The Icon of Udaipur
The heart of Udaipur’s identity, Lake Pichola was created in 1362 by a banjara tribesman and later expanded by Maharana Udai Singh II when he founded Udaipur.
- Famous for Jag Mandir and Lake Palace (now Taj Lake Palace).
- Popular for boat rides and sunset views.
- One of the most visited lakes in India.
Fateh Sagar Lake – The Blue Jewel
Built by Maharana Fateh Singh in the 17th century, Fateh Sagar Lake lies to the north of Lake Pichola.
- Known as the “Heart of Udaipur.”
- Houses Nehru Garden island.
- Surrounded by the Aravalli Hills.
- Popular for boating and evening strolls.
Swaroop Sagar Lake – The Connector
Swaroop Sagar Lake, built by Maharana Swaroop Singh, is a small but vital waterbody.
- Connects Lake Pichola and Fateh Sagar Lake.
- Acts as a flood control system.
Rang Sagar Lake – The Heritage Spot
Located adjacent to Swaroop Sagar, Rang Sagar Lake is often considered part of the larger Pichola system.
- Adds to Udaipur’s water storage.
- Provides a calm environment for migratory birds.
Kumharia Talab – The Lesser Known Gem
Kumharia Talab is among the lesser-known city lakes of Udaipur.
- Serves local irrigation and groundwater recharge.
- Vital for maintaining ecological balance.
Goverdhan Sagar Lake – The Western Lake
Goverdhan Sagar Lake, situated towards the west of the city, is a protected water body.
- Declared a protected monument by Udaipur Municipal Corporation.
- Famous for leisure walks and cultural activities.
Downstream Lake of Udaipur
Udaisagar Lake – The Reservoir of Prosperity
Udaisagar Lake, built by Maharana Udai Singh in 1565, lies about 13 km from the city.
- Receives water from Ahar River.
- Key source of drinking water in Udaipur’s history.
- Surrounded by greenery, popular for picnics and sightseeing.
It acts as the downstream lake where excess water from upper and city lakes eventually flows.
The Ahar River – Lifeline of Udaipur
The Ahar River is a seasonal river flowing through Udaipur. It connects many of the lakes, ensuring natural flow and recharge.
- Helps regulate floods during heavy rains.
- Provides irrigation water to nearby villages.
- Vital for Udaipur’s hydrological balance.
Importance of the Udaipur Lake System
- Water Supply – Historically provided drinking water to the city.
- Flood Control – Interconnected lakes prevent overflow damage.
- Cultural Significance – Temples, palaces, and ghats built around lakes.
- Tourism & Economy – Lakes are the biggest attraction in Udaipur.
- Ecological Balance – Supports birdlife, fish, and groundwater recharge.
Best Time to Visit the Udaipur Lake System
- October to March – Best for sightseeing, boat rides, and photography.
- July to September – Monsoon fills the lakes, ideal for nature lovers.
- April to June – Summer; lakes provide cooler evening escapes.
Travel Guide – How to Explore the Lake System
Exploring by Road
Most lakes are connected by city roads and can be covered by car, taxi, or even bike rides.
Exploring by Boat
Boat rides on Lake Pichola and Fateh Sagar offer unique perspectives.
Exploring by Foot
Walking around Swaroop Sagar, Rang Sagar, and Goverdhan Sagar is popular among locals.
FAQs
How many lakes are in the Udaipur lake system?
The system includes upper lakes (Lake Badi, Chhota Madar, Bada Madar), city lakes (Lake Pichola, Fateh Sagar, Swaroop Sagar, Rang Sagar, Kumharia Talab, Goverdhan Sagar), downstream Udaisagar Lake, and the Ahar River.
Which is the most famous lake in Udaipur?
Lake Pichola is the most famous, home to Jag Mandir and Taj Lake Palace.
Which lake is best for boating in Udaipur?
Lake Pichola and Fateh Sagar Lake are the best for boat rides.
What is the importance of Lake Badi?
Built in the 17th century to counter famine, it is a major upper catchment lake supplying water to the system.
Does the Ahar River flow all year?
No, the Ahar River is seasonal but vital during monsoon for water flow and recharge.
Final Thoughts – Why Udaipur’s Lakes Are Special
The Udaipur lake system is more than just a collection of water bodies. It is a living heritage of sustainable water management, cultural richness, and ecological beauty.
From the upper lakes of Badi and Madar to the city lakes like Pichola, Fateh Sagar, and Swaroop Sagar, and finally to Udaisagar downstream via the Ahar River, this interconnected network sustains the identity of Udaipur.
✨ Whether you’re a traveler, historian, or nature lover, exploring the Udaipur lake system is the best way to understand why Udaipur is called the City of Lakes.
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